世界深水油气勘探新进展与南海北部深水油气勘探

Progress of deepwater hydrocarbon exploration worldwide and the exploration in the deepwater region of northern South China Sea

1雪佛龙德士古中国能源公司,北京 100004；2中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,广东湛江 524057

1雪佛龙德士古中国能源公司,北京 100004；2中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,广东湛江 524057

深水油气勘探已成为当今世界油气勘探开发的热点,巴西和墨西哥湾的深水海底盐下油藏的发现是深水油气勘探的重大突破,其储层距海平面5〖KG*9〗000〖KG*9〗m以上。通过对全球已发现深水油气藏的总结和对比分析,认为深水油气藏以发育在被动大陆边缘的构造油气藏为主,深水扇体等浊积体所形成的地层岩性油气藏为辅,不同地区地质条件不同,成藏模式也各不相同。将南海北部深水区的构造演化特征和石油地质条件与国外已发现的深水油气藏进行了综合类比分析,认为在南海北部深水区具备形成深水油气田的地质条件和油气资源潜力,近年来在南海深水区也获得了天然气勘探的突破。提出未来勘探方向可以借鉴墨西哥湾、南美和西非的成功勘探思路,针对碳酸盐岩储层和浊积体沉积体系砂岩储层展开研究。

In recent years,deepwater hydrocarbon exploration becomes worldwide hot spot,the discovery of deepwater subsalt reservoirs in Brazil and Gulf of Mexico is an important breakthrough of worldwide deepwater hydrocarbon exploration,and the reservoir is more than 5000 m below the sea level.The analyzing results of the existing deepwater reservoirs indicate that the reservoirs are mainly of structural traps located in the passive continental margin,associated with turbidity stratigraphic lithologic traps,like deep water fan.The reservoir accumulation models are different in different areas.The comparison on tectonic evolution and petroleum system between northern South China Sea deepwater region and the discovered deepwater fields worldwide indicates that geologic conditions and hydrocarbon potential for forming deepwater fields exist in the deepwater region of northern South China Sea,where some significant breakthroughs in South China Sea deepwater exploration have gained recently.Under the guidance of the successful exploration experience in Gulf of Mexico,South America and West Africa,future exploration in the deepwater region of northern South China Sea can focus on the research of carbonate platform,bathyal turbidity deposition system sandstone.