互均衡技术及其在时移地震资料处理中的应用

Cross-equilibration technique and its application in time-lapse seismic data processing

（1.成都理工大学信息工程学院，四川成都 610059；2.中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司物探研究院，湖北潜江 433100）

College of Information Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,china

在开发程度较高的油气田，可以利用时移地震技术对油藏的开采和剩余油分布情况进行预测，提高油田的采收率。时移地震资料（监测数据）与早期地震资料（基础数据）的地球物理参数存在差异，这个差异包含油气藏开采因素（期望差异）和非油气藏因素（非期望差异），因此，需要将时移地震资料上的非期望差异消除，同时不损害期望差异。互均衡技术通过对时移地震信号的时延、能量、带宽和相位等差异进行校正，可以有效地消除非期望差异，在差异剖面上反映出油藏开采信息和剩余油分布信息。在某油田，利用采集时间相隔7年的地震资料，基于时移地震资料非一致性分析，采用互均衡技术进行了时间、振幅、相位和频率等校正，较好地消除了非期望差异，差异剖面反映出现今油藏开采的情况，同时还反映出剩余油的分布特征。

In the oil-gas fields with high exploitation degree,time-lapse seismic technology can be used to predict the exploitation of oil reservoir and the distribution of remaining oil,and to enhance the oil recovery.Time-lapse seismic data (monitoring data) and the early seismic data (basic data) have differences in the geophysical parameters.The differences include reservoir exploitation factors (expected difference) and non-reservoir factors (non-expected difference).Therefore,the non-expected difference in time-lapse seismic data should be removed without damaging the expected difference.Cross-equilibration technique can effectively remove non-expected difference and reflect the reservoir exploitation information and remaining oil distribution information on difference profile.In one oilfield,the seismic data with a 7year interval in acquisition time was utilized.After the non-uniform analysis for time-lapse seismic data,and cross-equilibration technique was used to correct time,amplitude,phase and frequency,etc.the non-expected difference was effectively removed,and the difference profile reflected the present reservoir exploitation situation as well as the distribution of remaining oil.