基于波动方程的炮点二次定位方法

Wave equation based secondary positioning method for shot point

（中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院，山东青岛266100）

College of Marine Geoscience, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

在地震勘探中，由于各种因素的影响会出现炮点定位不准确的情况，这将严重影响后续的地震资料处理工作，因此需要对炮点进行二次定位。基于波动方程的炮点二次定位方法与常规地震偏移成像相似，在通过预处理去除干扰波后，利用克希霍夫积分法对波场进行反向外推，使波场逐步收敛，收敛点即为炮点，由此而实现对炮点的二次定位。模拟和实际地震数据处理结果表明，在资料信噪比较高的情况下，该方法能较好地实现炮点的二次定位，定位炮点位置与实际炮点位置之间的误差在允许范围之内。

In seismic exploration, lots of factors might cause the inaccurate positioning of shot point, which seriously affects the sequent processing of seismic date. Therefore, it is necessary to relocate the shot point. The secondary positioning method of shot point based on wave equation is similar to conventional seismic migration. After preprocessing and removing the interference wave, Kirchhoff integral was utilized to inversely extrapolate wave field and make it gradually converge. At last, the wave field is converged to the position where the shot point is. That is the secondary positioning of shot point. Both the simulation and actual application results show that the method can better realize the secondary positioning of shot point with relatively high S/N, the distance between calculated and actual position of shot point is in the accepted range.