基于互相关函数法的地面微地震信号检测研究

2012年 51卷 第No. 6期
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Ground microseismic signal detection based on cross-correlation function
西南石油大学资源与环境学院,四川成都610500
Liu Yuhai,Institute of Resources and Environmental,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengu 610500,China
油气井射孔作业引发的微地震事件频率高、持续时间短、能量小,反射信号很容易被周围的环境噪声湮没,
在进行微地震信号特征分析前必须对微地震记录进行压噪处理。由于微地震事件的特殊性,常规地震资料处理方法
难以检测微地震记录中的有效信号。为此,提出了一种基于随机信号统计理论的互相关检测方法。该方法利用相邻
道地震信号之间有很好的相关性,而与随机噪声的相关性差的特点,对微地震记录相邻道的数据进行相关性运算,
达到压制噪声的目的。通过理论分析和微地震实际资料处理证明,该方法不仅在衰减环境噪声方面效果良好,在检
测地面接收的微地震信号方面也行之有效。
The microseismic event caused by perforating is characterized by higher frequency,shorter duration and lower energy,and its
signals are often buried by the ambient noise.To obtain the characteristics of the microseismic signals,it’s essential to carry out
de-noising on microseismic signals.Because of the particularity of microseismic event,it is difficult to eliminate random noise to
improve SNR with conventional seismic methods.So,we proposed a cross-correlation filtering technique based on random signal
statistics theory.The technique suppress noise by cross-correlation computation on neighboring gathers of microseismic record
in terms of good correlation between neighboring seismic signals and bad correlation with random noise.The theoretical
analysis and data processing proves that the cross-correlation function method is effective eliminating ambient noise and
detecting ground microseismic signals.
地面采集; 微地震; 相关滤波; 互相关函数; 随机噪声;
ground acquisition; microseismic; correlation filtering; cross-correlation function; random noise;
10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2012.06.013