拉东谱约束的射线束形成方法及应用

射线束在地震道集或地震剖面上对应一段线性同相轴，已经被广泛应用于地震资料处理中，但传统的射线束形成方法存在泄漏噪声和分辨率低的问题，无法满足高精度处理的需要。根据局部平面波传播的表达式，利用最小二乘反演方法形成射线束能够提高射线束的分辨率，加入拉东谱能量约束能够有效解决噪声泄漏的问题，形成高质量的射线束，从而能够有效地提取局部线性信号，用于形成局部平面波、压制线性噪声或随机噪声等等。理论模型和实际资料测试结果表明，应用拉东谱约束的射线束形成方法能够得到高精度的射线束数据，并且能有效压制面波。

Beam data represents linear event in seismic section or seismic gather.Beam forming is widely used in seismic data processing.Traditional methods for beam forming suffer from low resolution and leaked noise.Therefore,it is insufficient for high precision seismic data processing.Based on the expression of local plane wave propagation,the least-square inversion can enhance the resolution of formed beam data.But the traditional constraint cannot solve the leaked noise problem.Using the Radon spectrum energy as the priori information in the least square inversion can suppress the leaked noise.The beam forming method can extract the local linear signal and use it in various processing methods,such as forming local plane wave data,suppress linear noise,suppress random noise and so on.Numerical tests and field dataset applications show that beam forming with Radon spectrum constraint can generate high quality beam data and it is effective in surface wave suppression.