地震检波器性能指标与地球物理效果分析

在油气地震勘探野外数据采集中，动圈式模拟检波器是目前应用最为广泛的一类检波器;同时，近年来推出的MEMS(Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems)数字检波器也在一定范围内得到了推广应用。系统分析了典型的模拟检波器20dx和数字检波器DSU3的各项性能指标，总结了两者在跟踪物理量、振幅和相位响应、绝对动态范围、相对动态范围、电磁干扰响应、组合方式、耦合效应、矢量保真度等8个方面的差异，厘清了检波器性能指标与其实际地球物理效果(数据表现)之间的关系。研究认为，采集阶段的信噪比、处理阶段的压噪能力以及地质条件的复杂程度是决定检波器优良的性能指标能否转化为高质量地球物理数据的关键要素。

In the field acquisition of hydrocarbon seismic exploration,coil analog geophone is most widely used;meanwhile,MEMS digital geophone launched in recent years has been applied in some regions.Aiming at the problem that whether the improvement of geophone performance indexes is displayed by obvious geophysical effect,the performance indexes of two typical geophones (20dx analog geophone and DSU3 digital geophone) were systematically compared,and the contrast in eight aspects were analyzed.Moreover,by comparison,the relationship between geophone performance indexes and its actual geophysical effect (data performance) is clarified.The research indicates that the complexity of geological conditions,SNR in seismic data acquisition and anti-noising capability in seismic processing phase are the key factors to determine whether the good performance indexes of geophones can be transferred into high-quality geophysical data.