碳酸盐岩储层单点高密度采集三维地震勘探实例

随着塔里木盆地缝洞型碳酸盐岩精细勘探的不断发展,迫切需要高信噪比、高分辨率的地震资料。在塔里木油田哈拉哈塘X工区进行了陆上单点高密度地震采集试验,实现了超万道全数字单点检波器接收高密度三维地震采集,提高了采集数据的连续性和均匀性,且在施工前建立了精细表层结构模型,保证了采集数据质量。本次地震处理更加有针对性，基于面波反演的地滚波压制技术和非规则相干噪声压制技术有效地解决了高密度地震数据的去噪问题;稳健地表一致性反褶积技术更好地解决了低信噪比的反褶积问题,还可以提高大数据的计算效率;炮检距向量片(OVT)域数据规则化技术解决了单次覆盖剖面的空道问题,进一步提高了地震数据的空间一致性;深度域精细速度建模保证了碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的精确成像。单点高密度地震采集、处理一体化研究大幅度提高了研究区的地震资料质量,获得了高信噪比、高分辨率的最终成果数据,为缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的勘探开发奠定了良好的基础。

With the development of fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoir exploration in Tarim Basin,we demand urgently high SNR,high-resolution seismic data.A single-point high-density 3D seismic acquisition test with over ten thousand channels was carried out in HaLaHaTang area of Tarim Oilfield,which improved the continuity and uniformity of collected data.Before that,a fine surface structure construction model is built to ensure the quality of the data collected.During the seismic data processing for this project,the denosing of high-density seismic data is effectively accomplished by the ground roll suppression technology by surface wave inversion and irregular coherent noise suppression technology.The robust surface consistent deconvolution technology better achieves the deconvolution of low SNR data and improves the calculation efficiency of massive data.The blank tracks caused by single fold was eliminated by data regularization in offset vector tile (OVT) domain,meanwhile the spatial consistency of seismic data was enhanced.The refine velocity modeling in depth domain ensured the precise imaging of fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoir.The integration of single-point high-density seismic data acquisition and processing provides high SNR,high-resolution seismic data,which greatly contributes to the exploration and development of fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoir.

国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05024)和国家自然科学基金(石油化工联合基金)(U1562215)共同资助。