论文详情
巨厚黄土和地形起伏剧烈是影响黄土塬采集的地震资料品质的关键因素,如何在黄土塬探区自动、高效、合理地选择有利区域布设炮检点对于提高地震资料品质至关重要。在地震数据采集理论设计的基础上,综合利用高精度卫星遥感影像、数字高程模型、近地表调查数据等建立地震资料采集区域地形地貌和地理信息数字模型,通过对比研究,将炮检点布设区分为5类,即冲沟、汇流沟等资料较好的首要布设区,塬、峁等可布设调整区,陡坡等缓布调整区,山脊和山顶避高区,地表障碍禁炮区等,再根据这些区域的优先级别进一步优化采集设计,形成一套炮检点优化设计技术。将该技术应用于鄂尔多斯盆地南部的彬长三维工区地震采集设计,优化后适当增补了炮检点,炮点调整率近30%,新采集的地震资料叠加剖面的浅、中、深反射波组齐全、连续性较好,应用效果表明,该技术使用方便、快捷,能够有效提高黄土塬探区采集的地震资料品质。
Thick loess tableland and drastic terrain variation seriously affect the seismic data acquisition quality,in which how to automatically,efficiently and reasonably select favorable area to layout shot-receiver points is critical to improve data quality.Based on the theoretical design of seismic acquisition,the digital model containing topography,geographic and surface information of the seismic acquisition area are built by the comprehensive utilization of the high precision satellite remote sensing image,the digital elevation model and the near-surface survey results.As a result,five types of shot-receiver layout area are concluded:the primary layout area of better data such as the gully,the confluence ditch and so on,the layout adjustment area such as the tableland and hilly,the later adjustment zone of steep slopes,the avoid high area such as the ridges and peaks,and the explosion forbidden area of surface barrier,which have been further optimized according to the priority of these areas.Thus a set of shot-receiver points optimization design techniques are formed.The technique has been applied in Bin-Chang area,southern Ordos Basin,the shot-receiver points were supplemented appropriately and the shot adjustment rate is nearly 30% after the optimization design of the entire work area.In addition,the acquired seismic profile has completely reflection group and the better continuity in shallow,medium and deep layer,and has clear interlayer contact relationship.The application results show that this technique is convenient and rapid,and can effectively improve the quality of seismic data in the loess tableland area.