论文详情
米仓-大巴山山前带是海相二、三叠系台缘礁滩相油气藏的有利勘探领域,地震地质条件复杂。2000年以来,在该区开展了一系列地震采集技术攻关,形成了“深井、大药量、垫桩、浸水”和“高灵敏度检波器、双串面积组合、电钻打眼埋置检波器”的灰岩裸露区激发、接收技术,以及“宽方位、高覆盖”的复杂构造三维观测技术,改善了单炮记录品质,提高了叠前偏移成像效果。资料处理方面形成了实用的拟真地表叠前深度偏移处理流程,偏移成像效果明显改善,为米仓-大巴山山前带的构造样式解释、圈闭评价及井位部署提供了良好的基础资料。然而,实钻结果揭示山前带构造高陡倒转、断裂关系复杂、地层破碎,目前的攻关成果仍然不能满足勘探目标精细评价的需求。因此,下一步需要加强复杂构造模型的波场正演分析,开展地表-地下双复杂探区全方位三维采集技术研究,探索基于绕射波、转换波、散射波等特殊波场的成像技术,以进一步解决山前带的地震勘探难题。
The piedmont zone of the Micang-Daba Mountain,which has a complex seismic geological condition,is a favorable exploration area of marine Permian and Triassic platform margin reef reservoirs.Since 2000,a series of seismic data acquisition experiments have been carried out.Further,technologies for improving the shot record quality have been developed.The excitation and receiving technologies of “deep well,large dosage,cushion pile,immersed water” and “ combination of high sensitivity geophone and double string area,electric hole drilling for burying geophone” were developed for limestone exposed areas.For complex structures,a “wide azimuth with high data coverage” three-dimensional observation technique was developed.A practical quasi-real surface PSDM processing flow has been created for data processing,to improve migration imaging and provide good data for structural interpretation,trap evaluation,and well location deployment in the front belt of the Micang-Daba Mountains.However,actual drilling results reveal that the geological structure of the piedmont zone is highly steep and inverted.Further,the faults are complex and the strata are broken.Currently available technologies cannot meet the fine evaluation requirements of the exploration targets.Therefore,to solve the challenging issue of seismic exploration in the piedmont zone,strengthening the wave field forward analysis of complex structural models,research on the full azimuth 3D acquisition technology for dual-complexity exploration area and imaging of diffraction waves,converted waves,scattering waves,and other special wave fields are necessary.
国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05005-005-002及2017ZX05036005-006)资助。