论文详情
针对地震采集试验中难以利用定性分析方法进行地震采集参数优选的问题,研究了地震激发子波、提取子波与地震资料品质之间的关系,以此为基础,通过量化分析激发子波和提取子波的品质实现了地震采集参数优选的目的。首先分析地震激发子波和地震单炮数据品质之间的关系,然后利用地震单炮数据中井口信号(近场子波)或从单炮数据提取的子波,与理论子波进行相关性分析优选地震采集参数,包括:①量化分析确定井口信号(激发近场子波)或提取地震子波的频率;②根据确定的地震子波频率(在子波频率相等或相近情况下,还需对比包括主峰值、峰峰比等子波特征参数),选出最优的地震子波;③根据选取的最优地震子波,确定其对应的激发参数或接收参数为最优采集参数。最终形成了量化分析地震单炮激发子波或提取子波优选采集参数的方法技术。某二维工区数据采集实例表明,相对于定性分析方法,基于地震单炮数据子波相关性分析的采集参数优选方法依靠量化分析手段得到的结果可靠,并且在实际生产中容易操作,应用方便。
This study analyzes the relationship between source wavelets,extracted wavelets,and raw shot data quality,focusing on the challenges of qualitative analysis to determine seismic acquisition parameters.We also used correlation analysis between the uphole signal (the near-field wavelet),or the wavelet extracted from the single shot data,and the theoretical wavelet to obtain optimal seismic acquisition parameters.First,the frequency of the uphole signal or extracted wavelet was determined through quantitative analysis.Second,the acquisition parameter was selected based on the determined wavelet frequency (if wavelet frequencies are equal or similar,additional comparisons of wavelet characteristic values need to be performed,such as wavelet peak value or peak-to-peak ratio).Third,the sending or receiving parameters were determined according to the chosen wavelet.Finally,one method is created to optimize seismic acquisition parameters by quantitatively analyzing the source wavelet or extracted wavelet.Application in a 2D data field demonstrated improved reliability and practicality,due to its quantitative analysis,than the qualitative method.
中国石油集团重大工程关键技术装备研究与应用（二期）“地震勘探关键装备研发与应用(2018E-2106)”和中国石油天然气集团有限公司深层与非常规物探新方法新技术项目之课题6“基于稀疏采样的地震采集新技术研究(2019A-3311)”共同资助。