复杂区域地震采集质量评价技术及其应用

滩海过渡带具有地表复杂、地震采集方式特殊的特点。由于地表吸收、检波器类型不统一等原因,该区域的地震资料在能量、频率、相位等方面存在较大差异。为此,提出一种针对此类区域的地震采集质量评价技术,根据卫星遥感数据将复杂地表自动划分为不同评价区域,利用道头字信息自动分离陆检记录地震数据、水检记录地震数据,并根据工区施工特点,优选监控参数,设置阈值范围,依据不同评价标准进行精细评价,从而解决因地表复杂、地震数据差异大而导致的地震采集质量评价难题。应用结果表明,该技术具有全程自动化、评价结果客观、性能高效的优点。与传统的人工质控手段相比,新提出的方法消除了主观因素影响,优化了评价结果的科学性,提升了现场监控效率,节约了勘探成本。

The transition zone of beach and shallows sea area refers to the land,tidal flats and very shallow sea areas,where the surface is complex and special seismic acquisition is used.Seismic data from this zone is quite different in terms of energy,frequency,and phase,etc.,due to the absorption of energy at the surface and different types of geophones.This paper presents a technique for evaluating the quality of seismic acquisition in such areas.First,the complex surface is automatically divided into different evaluation areas based on satellite remote sensing data.Then,the land and water survey data are separated by using the headers information of seismic traces.Next,according to the seismic survey characteristics of the exploration area,the monitoring parameters are selected and the threshold range is set.Finally,different evaluation criteria for different area are established for fine evaluation,which could solve the problem of evaluating the quality of seismic acquisition caused by complex surface and seismic data differences.This technique was tested in an actual application,the results showed that the technique can provide evaluation results efficiently,automatically,and objectively.Compared with traditional manual quality control technique,this evaluation technique eliminates the influence of subjective factors,obtains more scientific monitoring results,improves the on-site monitoring efficiency,and saves exploration costs.

中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大推广专项(2014D-1809)资助。