论文详情
地震勘探作为地球物理勘探的重要方法之一,广泛应用于油气勘探等领域。震源作为地震勘探的重要组成部分,直接影响勘探效果。可控震源是一种非破坏性震源,能够激发能量密度低且波形可控的正弦信号。首先阐述了可控震源勘探原理,然后重点介绍了可控震源主要技术发展,以及在陆地、海洋勘探方面的应用现状,最后结合当前地震勘探热点,展望了可控震源的未来发展趋势。可控震源地震勘探需要综合考虑震源自身性能、激发参数、应用场景等因素。可控震源畸变分析与抑制技术可在一定程度上改善可控震源自身性能,提高振动波形质量与基频出力。合理的震源激发参数可有效提高地震资料信噪比,一般需要结合实际施工环境与工程经验设定参数,并无适用所有地质条件的固定参数组合。目前可控震源应用场景多集中于野外勘探,未来可控震源地震勘探将向城市、海洋勘探领域加速拓展,这将促进震源类型的多样化发展。
Seismic exploration is an important technique in geophysical prospecting.The choice of the seismic source can significantly affect the exploration results.Vibroseis is a kind of non-destructive seismic source,which can produce a sinusoidal signal with low energy density and controllable waveform.Herein,the principles of vibroseis exploration have been summarized,main technical developments have been introduced,and present status of the application of the vibroseis technology in land and ocean exploration have been described.Furthermore,the trends of future development of the vibroseis technology,and the current targets of seismic exploration have been outlined.Source performance,excitation parameters,application scenarios need to be considered for vibroseis exploration.The analysis of the hydraulic vibroseis distortion and use of the system suppression technology can improve the performance of vibroseis,the quality of vibration waveform,and basic frequency force.The excitation parameters of the vibroseis need to be reasonably set based on the actual environment and engineering experience to improve the seismic SNR,as there is no fixed combination of parameters which is suitable for all geological conditions.The vibroseis technology plays a dominant role in field exploration,and its application is being extended to urban and ocean environments.
吉林大学高层次科技创新团队建设项目(2017TD-16)资助。