碳中和愿景下石油工业和地球物理行业的生存与突围之道

概述了应对全球气候变化的碳中和愿景的产生背景,分析了其对石油工业、油服行业特别是地球物理行业的生存与发展所带来的挑战,以及地球物理行业的应对之道。全球碳中和愿景的实施,将大幅度减少对油气能源的需求与油气勘探开发投资,压缩油服和地球物理服务市场空间,低碳化足迹要求也将加大油气勘探开发的成本,将给石油工业乃至油服行业、地球物理行业的生存和发展带来严重的挑战,中国必须顺应碳中和的大势,谋划未来生存和发展之道,加快行业绿色低碳化转型,也应充分利用转型发展中的机遇点求得发展优势和实现突围发展。世界低碳化发展趋势必将使人类逐渐告别油气时代,但未来10~20年油气仍然是不可或缺的重要能源。地球物理行业应围绕绿色能源、绿色技术、绿色服务、绿色系统几个维度优化自身的技术优势,创新技术体系、服务内容和应用场景,提升绿色低碳竞争优势,以保持长期的可持续健康发展。地球物理行业重点要以以下3条对策来应对碳中和挑战:通过数智化变革提升地球物理行业的低碳化服务能力;积极拓展新能源与自然灾害预测等化石能源以外领域的多元化地球物理技术服务市场;发挥优势完善体系大力开拓碳封存技术服务市场。

Carbon neutralization is a strategy devised to mitigate global climate change.In this paper,the challenges posed by this strategy to the survival and development of the petroleum,oil service,and geophysical industries were analyzed,and countermeasures for the geophysical industry were proposed.While pursuing carbon neutralization,it is expected that the demand for oil and gas energy will greatly decrease,and so will the investments in oil and gas exploration and production.Consequently,the market space for oil services and geophysical services will also decrease.The requirement of a low-carbon footprint will also increase the cost of oil and gas exploration and production.This will challenge the survival and development of the petroleum industry (including the oil service industry and geophysical industry).Compliance with the general trend of carbon neutralization is mandatory.Therefore,strategies for the survival and development of the industry must be devised,its green and low-carbon transformation must be accelerated,and opportunities arising from this transformation must be fully exploited so as to obtain advantages and achieve development breakthroughs.Even though the oil and gas era will eventually come to an end,oil and gas will remain an indispensable and important energy source for the next 10~20 years.The geophysical industry should adapt and apply its tools in the fields of green energy,green technology,green services,and green systems.Moreover,technical systems,service contents,and application scenarios must be innovated.A competitive advantage in terms of low-carbon emissions and sustainability must be built and maintained in order to achieve sustainable and healthy long-term development.The geophysical industry should focus on the following three countermeasures to meet the challenge of carbon neutralization:improving the low-carbon service capability via digital and intelligent transformation;expanding and diversifying the market of geophysical services towards new energy and natural disaster prediction;and developing the geological carbon sequestration service market using corresponding geophysical technologies.