勘探地震中的六分量观测

地震旋转分量在天然地震和工程地震等领域都有广泛的应用。在回顾地震旋转运动的基础上,首先介绍了六分量地震数值模拟研究,论证了不同震源类型与地震波型在六分量波场上存在能量与极性的差异。随后,回顾了利用模拟数据与实际观测数据验证差分法与行波法两种旋转分量间接换算方法的可行性与精度。通过数值模拟,分析了勘探地震中广泛应用的面波,在六分量记录上呈现的不同或相似的特征,以及旋转分量记录波场信息具有的不同于平动分量的频散特征。近年来,不断发展的地震旋转分量研究,对波型识别、波场分离、横波成像、微震的高精度预测、探索海底电磁和地震观测的关联等领域均具有重要意义与深入研究价值。

In recent years,research on seismic rotational components has gained substantial attention for the purpose of wave-type identification,wave field separation,S-wave imaging,high-precision prediction of microseisms,and exploration of the relationship between electromagnetic and seismic observations of ocean bottoms.Seismic rotational components are widely utilized in the study of natural earthquakes,in engineering seismology applications,and in many other fields.Numerical simulations demonstrated that the characteristics of six-component wave fields originating from different source types and seismic wave types are different in both energy and polarity.Based on the analysis of numerical six-component seismic data as well as of actual observed data,it has been verified that both the difference method and the travelling-wave method are applicable and offer a reasonable accuracy when it comes to converting translational components into rotational components.Numerical simulations demonstrated the characteristics of surface waves in six-component records,and that the dispersion characteristics of the rotational components are different from those of the translational components of surface waves.

国家自然科学基金项目(U1839208,41425017)资助。