煤基碳负极材料在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展

Research Progress of Application of Coal⁃Based Carbon Anode Materials in Lithium⁃Ion Batteries

张利星 张熊 李晨 吴志勇 曾涛明 马向东

Lixing Zhang Xiong Zhang Chen Li Zhiyong Wu Taoming Zeng Xiangdong Ma

中国矿业大学（北京） 机电与信息工程学院，北京 100083 中国科学院电工研究所，北京 100190 国网湖南省电力有限公司 供电服务中心（计量中心），湖南 长沙 410011 国网湖南省电力有限公司 益阳供电分公司，湖南 益阳 413000

School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering，China University of Mining and Technology?Beijing，Beijing 100083，China Institute of Electrical Engineering，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100190，China State Grid Corporation of China Hunan Power Supply Service Center （Metering center），Changsha Hunan 410011，China State Grid Yiyang Power Supply Company，Yiyang Hunan 413000，China

随着碳达峰、碳中和成为全球共识，电化学储能技术和相关产业得到了飞速发展，与此同时电极材料的需求也与日俱增。因此，如何利用来源广泛、成本低廉的前驱体制备高性能负极材料成为国内外研究的热点。煤炭因具有碳含量高、储量丰富和价格低廉等特点成为最有潜力的负极材料前驱体。近年来，研究者以煤炭为原料制备了无定型碳、石墨、碳纳米管和石墨烯等负极材料，并对其在锂离子电池中的应用进行了深入研究。总结了三类典型的煤基碳负极材料在锂离子电池中应用的研究进展，并对其合成方法、优化改性及电化学性能等方面进行了综述，最后对煤基碳负极材料的发展及应用进行了展望。

As carbon peak and carbon neutrality become a global consensus,electrochemical energy storage technologies and related industries have been developing rapidly.The demand for electrode materials is also increasing steadily.How to prepare high?performance anode materials with widely available and low?cost precursors has thus become a research hot spot both in China and abroad.Coal is the most promising precursor for anode materials because of its high carbon content,abundant reserves,and low price.In recent years,researchers have prepared various anode materials,such as amorphous carbon,graphite,carbon nanotubes, and graphene,from coal and studied their application in lithium?ion batteries in depth.This paper summarized the research progress of three typical coal?based carbon anode materials in lithium?ion batteries.Then, it reviewed their synthesis methods,optimization and modification,and electrochemical performance.Finally,the paper presented an outlook on the development and application of coal?based carbon anode materials.

国家自然科学基金项目(51907193)

10.3969/j.issn.1006-396X.2022.06.002