变黏滑溜水裂缝内携砂运移特征研究

Sand⁃Carrying Migration Characteristics of Variable⁃Viscosity Slick Water in Fracture

任伟 张宝岩 王贤君 张浩 吴浩兵

Wei Ren Baoyan Zhang Xianjun Wang Hao Zhang Haobing Wu

中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司 采油工程研究院，黑龙江 大庆 163000 黑龙江省油气藏增产增注重点实验室，黑龙江 大庆 163000

Oil Production Engineering Research Institute of PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co. ，Ltd. ，Daqing Heilongjiang 163000，China Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Stimulation and Injection，Daqing Heilongjiang 163000，China

滑溜水在裂缝中的携砂运移规律，对指导滑溜水压裂实践有重要意义。采用可视化平行板裂缝模拟装置，测试了不同注入参数组合的输砂剖面。结果表明，造缝滑溜水+70~140目支撑剂+8%砂比时，滑溜水携砂能力好，裂缝入口端未出现砂堤，支撑剂对裂缝的充填不充分；在低黏滑溜水+40~70目支撑剂+15%砂比和高黏滑溜水+20~40目支撑剂+20%砂比条件下，裂缝填砂量较大，深部裂缝砂堤较高，但裂缝入口处充填差；随着施工排量的增加，几种组合模式均表现出砂堤前缘距入口距离增大，前缘高度减小，平衡高度变化不大的情况。注入组合是影响砂堤形态的重要因素，不同注入参数组合模式对应的砂堤形态和表征参数相差较大，现场需对组合模式进行优化，提高入口处裂缝的导流能力。

The sand?carrying migration law of slick water in fractures is of great guiding significance to the practice of slick water fracturing.Sand transport profiles with different injection parameter combinations were tested by a visual parallel plate fracture simulator.The results show that the sand?carrying capacity of the slick water is favorable under the combination of slick water for fracturing +70~140 mesh proppant +8% sand ratio.In this case,no sand banks are observed at the fracture inlets,and the proppant does not fill the fractures adequately,under the combinations of low?viscosity slick water +40~70 mesh proppant +10% sand ratio and high?viscosity slick water +20~40 mesh proppant +20% sand ratio, the amount of sand filling fractures is large, and the sand banks in deep fractures are high,while the filling at fracture inlets is poor.With the increase in construction displacement, the various combination modes all exhibit growing positions of the front edges of the sand banks, decreasing heights of front edges, and insignificant changes in balance heights. Injection combination is an important aspect affecting the sand bank pattern. The sand bank patterns and characterization parameters corresponding to different injection parameter combination modes vary greatly. Therefore, the combination mode needs to be optimized on site to improve the conductivity of fractures at the inlet.

国家科技重大专项“松辽盆地致密油开发示范工程”资助项目(2017ZX05071)

10.3969/j.issn.1006-396X.2022.02.004