一种改进的动态滑动扫描和质控方法及应用效果

 

可控震源高效地震采集技术的关键问题在于如何在保障地震数据品质的基础上,尽可能提高地震采集效率。提出了一种基于谐波能量衰减规律的时间距离(T-D)高效地震采集参数设计方法,即梯形式T-D规则,替代常规台阶式T-D参数设计,同时利用加滑动时窗来改进T-D质控精度。具体如下:首先在台阶式T-D参数曲线中嵌入斜坡,在短激发距离范围内根据谐波能量随炮检距呈近似反函数衰减特征确定T-D规则中滑动扫描的最短距离,在远激发距离范围内调整斜坡斜率使得T-D变化同谐波能量衰减趋势一致;然后分析对比常规T-D质控及加滑动时窗改进T-D质控方法,指出常规质控方法的不足,最后根据改进方法实现任意激发炮点间T-D质控并识别大量常规质控方法不能发现的废炮。梯形式T-D采集参数设计方法及改进的T-D质控技术在某实际地震采集中取得了良好的应用效果,既提高了地震采集效率又避免了质量事故的发生。

To improve production efficiency while ensuring seismic data quality in vibroseis high-efficiency acquisition technology,a time-depth(T-D) high-production

parameter design method was proposed based on harmonic energy attenuation.The slope T-D rule replaces the conventional stepped T-D parameter design.A slip window is used to improve the accuracy of T-D quality control.First,the slope is embedded into the step T-D parameter curve,and the shortest distance for slip sweep in the T-D rule is determined according to the inverse function attenuation characteristic of harmonic noise energy in the range of short excitation distance.The slope is adjusted to make the slip time-distance change to be consistent with the harmonic energy attenuation trend during long-distance excitation.Subsequently,based on the analysis and comparison of conventional and improved T-D quality control methods,the limitations of conventional quality control were identified.Several hidden void shots can be found with the improved method using arbitrary-shot T-D quality control.The slope T-D acquisition parameter design method and improved T-D QC technology have been successfully applied in actual production projects and can improve acquisition efficiency and avoid quality issues.