Title

Progress of research on optical fiber distributed acoustic sensing technology in petroleum industry

单位

(1.华中科技大学光学与电子信息学院,武汉光电国家研究中心,湖北武汉430074;2.下一代互联网接入系统国家工程实验室,湖北武汉430074;3.中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司,河北涿州072751)

Organization

(1.School of Optical and Electronic Information & Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;2 National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System,Wuhan 430074,China;3.BGP INC.,China National Petroleum Corporation,Zhuozhou 072751,China)

摘要

基于相位敏感光时域反射的光纤分布式声波传感技术(DAS)具有长距离、高灵敏、高空间分辨率、低成本、无源、抗电磁干扰等显著优势,非常契合石油行业中的地震勘探和管道监测等需求。从石油行业的应用需求出发,介绍了光纤DAS技术的基本原理和解调技术,并阐述了近年来该研究领域在信噪比增强、探测距离扩展和采样率提升等方面所取得的最新研究成果。此外,重点总结了国内外在光纤DAS技术商用化方面的研究进展,分析比较了不同企业和机构研发的DAS产品的特点、性能和应用潜力。同时,重点针对光纤DAS技术在VSP测井、微地震探测和管道泛感知监测等领域的应用案列进行了阐述,展现出极强的市场竞争力。光纤DAS技术在未来石油行业中的应用研究方面,应加强数据超保真和多分量检波DAS的进一步研究。

Abstract

Fiber-distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) based on phase-sensitive photosensitive time-domain reflection has obvious advantages such as long detection distance,high sensitivity,high spatial resolution,low cost,and passive and anti-electromagnetic interference.Because of these characteristics,DAS is suitable for seismic exploration and pipeline inspection in the petroleum industry.In this paper,the principle and demodulation mechanisms of optical fiber DAS technology are introduced.Recent progress of research on optical fiber DAS is reviewed,emphasizing signal-to-noise ratio enhancement,detection range expansion,and sampling rate improvement.In addition,the commercialization of optical fiber DAS both at home and abroad are summarized,and the performance and features of DAS products in different companies and research institutions are analyzed and compared.Application cases of optical fiber DAS in VSP logging,microseismic detection,and pipeline monitoring are also discussed,arguing on their strong market competitiveness.Finally,directions of future development are discussed,making a case for the need of ultra-fidelity optical fiber DAS and multicomponent detection fiber DAS.

关键词：

光纤传感; 分布式声波传感技术; 井中地球物理; VSP; 微地震; 地震波检测; 管道检测;

Keywords:

optical fiber sensing;; distributed acoustic sensing;; borehole geophysics;; VSP;; micro-earthquake;; seismic wave detection;; pipeline inspection;

基金项目

国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(61922033)、中央高校基本科研业务费(HUST:2021JYCXJJ036)、国家光电研究中心创新基金资助项目(WNLO)共同资助。

DOI

10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2022.01.005

光纤分布式声波传感技术在石油行业的研究进展