质子交换膜燃料电池氧还原Pt基催化剂研究进展

Research Progress of Pt⁃Based Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

宋学实 曲微丽 赵磊 王振波

Xueshi Song Weili Qu Lei Zhao Zhenbo Wang

哈尔滨师范大学 化学化工学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150025 哈尔滨工业大学 化工与化学学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Harbin Normal University，Harbin Heilongjiang 150025，China School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin Heilongjiang 150001，China

化石能源正在日渐枯竭，环境污染问题也亟待解决，但社会对能源的需求正在与日俱增，因此开发绿色能源得到了科研工作者的广泛关注。其中，作为高效能源转换装置的燃料电池因具有效率高、性能强、环保性能好等优点而备受关注。在燃料电池催化剂的选择上，Pt基催化剂因具有独特的催化性能成为首选材料，但其高昂的制备成本和不稳定的催化性能使Pt基催化剂在商业化过程中受到阻碍。简单介绍了质子交换膜燃料电池阴极氧还原Pt基催化剂的工作原理、催化剂活性影响机制，从合金型Pt基催化剂、核壳结构Pt基催化剂、不同载体担载Pt基催化剂、单原子Pt基催化剂4个方面综述了Pt基催化剂的研究方向，最后对其未来研究的发展方向进行了展望。

While fossil energy is being exhausted day by day,and the problem of environmental pollution needs to be solved urgently.However,the social demand for energy is growing,so the development of green energy has received extensive attention from many scientific researchers.As an efficient energy conversion device,fuel cell has many advantages such as high efficiency, high performance and environmental friendliness.In the choice of fuel cell catalyst,Pt?based catalysts are the preferred materials because of their unique catalytic properties,but their high preparation cost and unstable catalytic properties have hindered the commercialisation of Pt?based catalysts.The working principle of Pt?based catalysts for cathode oxygen reduction reaction of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and the influencing mechanism of catalyst activity are briefly introduced.The research direction of Pt?based catalysts is summarized.Finally,the development direction of future research is prospected.

国家自然科学基金项目(21503059)

10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2023.04.004