重油加氢过程集总动力学研究进展

Progress in Lumped Kinetic of Heavy Oil Hydrotreating

杨依武 彭冲 梁守才 侯政煜 谢飞

Yiwu Yang Chong Peng Shoucai Liang Zhengyu Hou Fei Xie

辽宁石油化工大学 石油天然气工程学院，辽宁 抚顺 113001 大连理工大学 化工学院/精细化工国家重点实验室，辽宁 大连 116024 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 辽河油田油气集输公司，辽宁 盘锦 124010

College of Petroleum Engineering，Liaoning Petrochemical University，Fushun Liaoning 113001，China School of Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals，Dalian University of Technology，Dalian Liaoning 116024，China Liaohe Oilfield Oil and Gas Gathering and Transportation Company，China National Petroleum Corporation，Panjin Liaoning 124010，China

加氢裂化是炼油与石化行业的关键技术，借助反应动力学建模来深入理解加氢裂化反应机理具有重要的理论和现实意义。对重油馏分加氢动力学模型的研究进展进行了综述，系统介绍了建模方式对应模型参数的计算方法和对产物的预测方法；论述了反应动力学建模从初期简单地从宏观角度按照馏程划分的离散集总模型、根据生产方案划分的连续集总模型，发展到在复杂微观的分子水平上建立集总模型的过程；从预测产品成分的能力、参数估计的难度、速率系数和进料依赖性以及所需实验数据等方面，对不同模型的优缺点进行了比较；突出说明了集总模型的工业实用性和分子集总中分子层次反应网络构建及求解方法。根据建模难易程度、计算机运算能力及分析技术发展趋势，对集总动力学模型的发展前景进行了展望。

Hydrocracking is a crucial technology in the refining and petrochemical sectors. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to deeply understand the mechanism of hydrocracking reactions with the aid of reaction kinetics modeling. This paper recounted the research progress in the kinetic modeling of heavy oil distillation and hydrotreating and shows the methods for computing model parameters corresponding to the modeling method and predicting products. The study showed that the reaction kinetics modeling evolved from the decentralized lumped model based on the distillation range from a macroscopic perspective to a continuous lumped model based on production scenarios and then to a complicated microscopic lumped model at the molecular level. In addition, the study compared the advantages and disadvantages of various models in terms of their capacity to reliably predict the composition of products, the intricacy of parameter estimation, rate coefficients, feed dependence, and experimental data required. It also explained the industrial applicability of the lumped model as well as the construction and method for solving molecular hierarchical reaction networks in molecular lumps. Finally, it gives the development prospects of the lumped kinetic model according to the modeling difficulties, the computing power of computers, and the analysis of technology development trends.

国家自然科学基金项目(22122807);国家重点计划项目(2017YFB0306503)

10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2023.02.002