Sn4P3⁃G@C负极在锂离子电池中的应用

Applications of Sn4P3⁃G@C Anodes in Li⁃ion Batteries

冯莲晶 王利娟

Lianjing Feng Lijuan Wang

辽宁石油化工大学 石油化工学院，辽宁 抚顺 113001

College of Petroleum and Chemical Technology，Liaoning Petrochemical University，Fushun Liaoning 113001，China

磷化锡（Sn4P3）作为锂离子电池负极材料，虽然理论比容量（1.255×103 mA ?h/g）较高，但是在充放电过程中会产生巨大的体积膨胀和颗粒团聚现象，导致容量衰减严重。将石墨烯作为骨架、无定形碳材料作为包覆层，成功地制备了碳包覆Sn4P3?石墨烯复合材料（Sn4P3?G@C）。Sn4P3?G@C在电流密度为0.05 A/g时，循环70次后放电比容量可达0.521×10-3 mA ?h/g；在电流密度为0.10 A/g时，循环150次后放电比容量可达0.433×10-3 mA ?h/g；在电流密度为0.50 A/g时，稳定循环300次，放电比容量可达0.330×10-3 mA ?h/g。片层石墨烯和碳包覆层的共同存在不仅使Sn4P3的结构更加稳定且导电性提升，而且有效缓解体积膨胀，防止颗粒之间的团聚，使Sn4P3?G@C表现出了良好的储锂性能。

Tin phosphide (Sn4P3) as the anode material for lithium?ion batteries exhibits high theoretical specific capacity (1.255×103 mA ?h/g). However, the huge volume expansion and particle agglomeration during the charging and discharging processes lead to serious capacity attenuation. The carbon?coated Sn4P3?graphene composite (Sn4P3?G@C) was successfully prepared by using graphene as the framework and amorphous carbon material as the coating layer. Sn4P3?G@C composite shows a high discharge specific capacity of 0.521×10-3 mA ?h/g after 70 cycles at 0.05 A/g, and the discharge specific capacity of 0.433×10-3 mA ?h/g can be maintained after 150 cycles at 0.10 A/g. After 300 cycles at 0.50 A/g, the reversible specific capacity of 0.330×10-3 mA ?h/g can be exhibited. The co?existence of sheet graphene and carbon coating can not only stabilize the structure of Sn4P3 and improve the electrical conductivity of the material, but also effectively alleviate the problem of volume expansion and prevent the agglomeration between particles. Sn4P3?G@C shows good lithium storage performance.

辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1907025);辽宁石油化工大学第五次人才基金项目(2018XJJ?012)

10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2023.01.009