原位纳米粒子增强Al基复合材料的微观组织及高温力学性能

Microstructure and High Temperature Mechanical Properties of In⁃Suit Nano⁃Particles Reinforced Al Matrix Composites

张君儒 卢宝印 李金权 昝宇宁 王文广

Junru Zhang Baoyin Lu Jinquan Li Yuning Zan Wenguang Wang

辽宁石油化工大学 环境与安全工程学院, 辽宁 抚顺 113001 辽宁石油化工大学 机械工程学院, 辽宁 抚顺 113001 中国科学院金属研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110016

School of Environmental & Safety Engineering，Liaoning Petrochemical University，Fushun Liaoning 113001，China School of Mechanical Engineering，Liaoning Petrochemical University，Fushun Liaoning 113001，China Institute of Metal Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Shenyang Liaoning 110016，China

以纳米TiO2为添加相，按一定比例添加B2 O3和H3BO3，采用高能球磨和粉末冶金法相结合的方法制备了体积分数为4%的纳米氧化物粒子增强Al基复合材料，最后在723 K的条件下以16∶1的挤压比制备了复合材料棒材。结果表明，经过4 h的球磨后，可以实现纳米氧化物在Al基体中的弥散分布；经过893 K的真空热压后，添加相与Al基体发生原位化学反应并生成了Al2O3等。当Ti与B物质的量比为1.0∶1.5时，复合材料的力学性能最优；同时，当B元素的先驱体化学成分不同时，复合材料的力学性能差异显著；TiO2+H3BO3/Al在室温和623 K下的拉伸强度分别为507.7 MPa和151.3 MPa，展现出最高的室温力学性能；TiO2+B2O3/Al在室温和623 K下的拉伸强度分别为353.7 MPa和167.1 MPa，展现出最佳的高温力学性能。

In this study, nano?TiO2 was used as the additive phase, and B2O3 and H3BO3 were doped in a certain proportion, and then 4% nano?oxide particles reinforced Al matrix composites were prepared by high?energy ball milling and powder metallurgy. Finally, Al matrix composite rods were prepared with an extrusion ratio of 16∶1 at 723 K. The results show that the dispersion distribution of nano?oxides in Al matrix can be realized after 4 h ball milling. After vacuum hot pressing at 893 K, the addition phase reacts with the Al matrix in?situ and forms Al2O3 etc. When the molar ratio of Ti to B is 1.0∶1.5, the mechanical properties of the composites are the best. At the same time, when the chemical composition of the precursor of B element is different, the mechanical properties of the composites are significantly different; the tensile strength of TiO2+H3BO3/Al at room temperature and 623 K is 507.7 MPa and 151.3 MPa, respectively, showing the highest room temperature mechanical properties; the tensile strength of TiO2+B2O3/Al at room temperature and 623 K is 353.7 MPa and 167.1 MPa, respectively, manifesting the excellent high?temperature mechanical properties.

国家自然科学基金面上项目(51771194)

10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2023.02.005