低活性高和易性酯类大单体的制备及其抗收缩性能研究

Preparation and Shrinkage Resistance Study of Low Activity and High Reactivity Ester⁃Type Monomers

陈明 田威

Ming CHEN Wei TIAN

中铁十九局集团第六工程有限公司 万沃鑫科技分公司, 江西 南昌 330500 东北大学 材料科学与工程学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110819

Wanwoxin Technology Branch，China Railway 19 Bureau Group Sixth?Engineering Co. ，Ltd. ，Nanchang Jiangxi 330500，China School of Materials Science and Engineering，Northeastern University，Shenyang Liaoning 110819，China

如何解决混凝土对外加剂的掺量敏感和混凝土收缩问题，一直是建筑行业期待解决的技术问题。以3?甲基?3?丁烯基氧基乙酸（MBA）为起始剂合成了新型酯类聚羧酸减水剂用大单体（ACPEG）；通过多角度激光散射仪测定了ACPEG的重均相对分子质量（Mw）。结果表明，ACPEG具有聚合活性低的独特优势，可于40 ℃一步法合成减水剂而不会爆聚；ACPEG的Mw为2 389，说明形成了聚醚单体结构；由ACPEG合成的减水剂减水率为37.4%，离析率为10.8%，1 h泌水率为6.2%，表面张力为35.67 mN/m，和易性比由酯类大单体（MAPEG）合成的减水剂略差，但在混凝土坍落度、泌浆距离、离析率、和易性及减缩效果等方面，均优于由甲基烯丙醇聚氧乙烯醚（IPEG）和异戊烯基聚氧乙烯醚（TPEG）合成的减水剂。

Solving the sensitivity of concrete to admixture dosage and concrete shrinkage has always been a technical challenge eagerly awaited in the construction industry.A new type of ester polycarboxylate superplasticizer monomer (ACPEG) was synthesizeduses by 3?methyl?3?butenoxyacetic acid (MBA) as the priming agent.The relative molecular mass (Mw) of ACPEG was determined to be 2 389 by an multi?angle laser dispersion spectrumeig scattering instrument,indicating the formation of a polyether monomer structure.The results showed that ACPEG has a unique advantage of low polymerization activity,allowing for the one?step synthesis of superplasticizers at 40 ℃ without risk of explosion.The superplasticizer synthesized from ACPEG exhibited a water?reducing rate of 37.4%,segregation rate of 10.8%,bleeding rate of 6.2% at 1 hour,and surface tension of 35.67 mN/m. Although slightly inferior to superplasticizers synthesized from ester?type monomers (MAPEG) in terms of workability,ACPEG outperformed superplasticizers synthesized from methallyl polyethylene glycol ethers (IPEG) and isoprene polyethylene glycol ethers (TPEG) in concrete slump,bleeding distance,segregation rate,workability,and shrinkage reduction effects.

国家自然科学基金项目(51525101)

10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2024.02.008