超深缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层精准定位技术探索实践

Technology for Precise Positioning of Ultra-deep Fracture-porous Carbonate Reservoirs

李国会 郭越 孙甲庆 丁尧

LIGuohui GUOYue SUNJiaqing DINGYao

中国石油塔里木油田公司, 新疆 库尔勒 841000 中国石油天然气集团有限公司超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研发中心, 新疆 库尔勒 841000 新疆维吾尔自治区超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发工程研究中心, 新疆 库尔勒 841000 新疆超深油气重点实验室, 新疆 库尔勒 841000 国家能源碳酸盐岩油气重点实验室, 新疆 库尔勒 841000 中国石油天然气集团有限公司碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室, 新疆 库尔勒 841000 中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院, 甘肃 兰州 730020

Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China R & D Center for Ultra-deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, CNPC, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China Engineering Research Center for Ultra-deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-deep Oil and Gas, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China State Energy Key Laboratory of Carbonate Oil and Gas, Korla, Xinjiang, 841000, China Key Laboratory of Carbonate, CNPC, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China Northwest Branch, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China

塔里木盆地缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏埋藏深度大，缝洞储层储集空间小，具有极强非均质性，储层空间位置精准偏移归位难度大，给钻井靶点选择及实钻轨迹优化带来极大挑战，制约了井位部署及快速建产。利用前期三维地震处理的道集、速度场等资料和正钻井中采集的VSP数据，开展以VSP驱动处理为核心的随钻地震储层精准定位研究，通过优化处理工序流程，保证了72 h内提交成果的时效性，实现了不影响正钻井钻进速度的前提下完成储层的精准偏移归位，有效指导了目的层段的靶点调整及轨迹优化。该方法已应用于120余口钻井的随钻跟踪，有效提高了储层直接钻遇率，放空漏失率从60$\%$提高到80$\%$，保证了钻井成功率在90$\%$以上，对类似缝洞型储层的储层预测和精准定位具有借鉴意义。

The fracture-porous carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin is deeply buried, and have small storage spaces and strong heterogeneity, bringing difficulties to accurate location of reservoirs and precise positioning of reservoir spaces. This poses great challenges for well-targeting and optimizing drilling trajectories, and limits well deployment and rapid production. To address these challenges, a study on precise reservoir positioning driven by VSP (Vertical Seismic Profile) was conducted using pre-stacked seismic data such as gathers and velocity fields, as well as VSP data collected during drilling operations. By optimizing the processing work-flow, the timeliness of delivering results within 72 hours was ensured, and precise positioning of the reservoir was achieved without affecting the drilling speed. This method has been successfully applied in the real-time tracking of more than 120 wells, resulting in an improvement in the direct drilling encounter rate of the reservoirs from 60$\%$ to 80$\%$, and increasing in the success rate of drilling to over 90$\%$. It provides valuable insights for reservoir prediction and precise positioning in similar fracture-porous reservoirs.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2024.04.16.02