可视化三维物理模拟实验技术在油气成藏研究中的应用——以塔里木盆地顺北地区S53-2井为例

Application of visual 3D physical simulation experiment technology in oil and gas accumulation research: a case study of well S53-2 in Shunbei area of Tarim Basin

隆辉 曾溅辉 刘亚洲 杨冀宁 耿锋

LONG Hui ZENG Jianhui LIU Yazhou YANG Jining GENG Feng

1. 中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249; 2. 中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室, 北京 102249

1. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China; 2. National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China

油气成藏物理模拟实验技术是研究油气运移聚集过程的重要技术手段，可以在实验室条件下，实现油气运移成藏动态化、可视化、定量化研究。但传统二维物理模拟实验技术存在细微现象缺乏、含油性测量难、观察面单一等不足。针对这些问题，同时为了揭示超深层油气成藏特征，研发了一种可视化三维油气成藏物理模拟实验技术，并成功模拟了塔里木盆地顺北地区S53-2井的成藏过程。明确了超深断控油气藏油气成藏影响因素；揭示了断层和缝网系统在断控油气藏形成过程中扮演双重角色，其既作为油气运移通道，也是重要的油气储集空间；提出了主断层、缝网及缝网一侧的地堑断层是油气的优势聚集区；建立了“浮力垂向运移、先核部后破碎带、先主干后地堑、缝网输储一体、主次断裂各异”的油气成藏模式。新技术使实验过程更加清晰，实验参数更加准确，实验现象更加立体，可为实验室油气成藏模拟工作提供新的支撑。

The physical simulation experiment technology for oil and gas reservoir formation is an important technical means to study the process of oil and gas migration and accumulation. Under laboratory conditions, dynamic, visual, and quantitative research on oil and gas migration and reservoir formation can be achieved. However, traditional two-dimensional physics simulation experimental techniques have shortcomings such as a lack of subtle phenomena, difficulty in measuring oil content, and a single observation surface. To address these issues, and to reveal the characteristics of ultra-deep oil and gas accumulation, a visual 3D physical simulation experiment technology of oil and gas accumulation was developed, and the accumulation process of well S53-2 in Shunbei area of Tarim Basin was successfully simulated. The influencing factors of oil and gas accumulation in ultra-deep fault controlled oil and gas reservoirs have been clarified, revealing that faults and fracture network systems play a dual role in the formation process of fault controlled oil and gas reservoirs, serving as both oil and gas migration channels and important oil and gas storage spaces. It has been proposed that the main fault, fracture network, and the graben fault on one side of the fracture network are advantageous areas for oil and gas accumulation, and a “buoyancy vertical migration, first fault core and then damage zone, first main trunk and then graben, fracture network integrated transportation and storage, and different main and secondary faults” oil and gas accumulation model has been established. The new technology makes the experimental process clearer, the experimental parameters more accurate, and the experimental phenomena more three-dimensional, providing new support for laboratory oil and gas reservoir simulation work.

国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目“克拉通盆地内部走滑断裂体系成因及控藏机制研究——以塔里木盆地为例”(U21B2063)资助。

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz2024051110