生物表面活性剂-沉积型微生物燃料电池协同处理含油污泥

Treatment of Oily Sludge by Collaborative Processing Biosurfactant and Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells

高 洁 唐善法

GAO Jie TANG Shanfa

石油在炼制、储运和使用过程中产生了大量的含油污泥，造成了严重的石油浪费和环境污染。为解决这一问题，提出生物表面活性剂-沉积型微生物燃料电池（SMFC）协同工艺。以生物表面活性剂预处理过的含油污泥为阳极底泥构筑了SMFC，通过检测日均电压、输出总电量、功率密度、表观内阻和石油去除率，探究生物表面活性剂、产电菌投放时间、石油回收3个因素对SMFC产电性能及降解性能的影响。研究结果表明，生物表面活性剂-SMFC协同处理含油污泥的效果较生物表面活性剂或SMFC处理含油污泥的更优；含油污泥经生物表面活性剂预处理后，再投放产电菌更有利于含油污泥的降解及SMFC产电性能的发挥，相较于生物表面活性剂预处理前投放，其输出总电量增加了1463.63 C，石油去除率提高了17.09 百分点；经生物表面活性剂回收石油后构筑的SMFC 产电性能及降解性能更佳，其最大输出电压可以达到 185.27 mV，石油去除率高达 63.65 %。生物表面活性剂-SMFC 明显提升了含油污泥的降解性能和产电性能，产电菌不宜过早投放，石油回收可以大大提高SMFC的产电性能和含油污泥的去除率。

A large amount of oily sludge is produced in the process of refining，storage，transportation and use of petroleum， which causes serious petroleum waste and environmental pollution. In order to solve the problem，a collaborative process of biosurfactant-sediment microbial fuel cells（SMFC） was proposed. SMFC was constructed using oily sludge pretreated with biosurfactant as the sediment. The effects of three factors，such as biosurfactant，electrogenic microorganism delivery time and oil recovery，on the electrical production and degradation performance of SMFC were investigated through detecting the daily voltage， total output electricity，power density，apparent internal resistance and oil removal rate. The results showed that the effect of biosurfactant and SMFC combined treatment of oily sludge was better than that of biosurfactant or SMFC. After the oily sludge was pretreated with biological surfactant，the addition of electric-producing microorganisms was more conducive to the degradation of oily sludge and the performance of SMFC. Compared with the treatment that electric-producing microorganisms was added before the pretreatment with biosurfactant，the total output electricity was increased by 1463.63 C and the oil removal rate was increased by 17.09 percentage point. The oil-bearing sludge SMFC constructed after recovering the oil with the biosurfactant agent had better electrical production and degradation performance，the maximum output voltage could reach up to 185.27 mV，and the oil removal rate was as high as 63.65% . The biosurfactant-SMFC could obviously improve the degradation and electricity production performance of the oily sludge，and the electric-producing microorganisms should not be put in early，and the oil recovery could greatly improve the electricity production performance of SMFC and the degradation rate of oily sludge.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2024.04.019