分子结构对甜菜碱表面活性剂驱油性能的影响

Effect of Molecular Structure on Oil Displacement Performance of Betaine Surfactant

陈世军 郭姿彤 高阳 王鹏程 肖茹丹

Shijun CHEN Zitong GUO Yang GAO Pengcheng WANG Rudan XIAO

西安石油大学 化学化工学院，陕西 西安 710065 中国石油长庆油田分公司 第六采油厂，陕西 西安 710000 中国石油 长庆油田分公司 第九采油厂，陕西 西安 710000 西安石油大学 石油工程学院，陕西 西安 710065

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Xi 'an Shiyou University，Xi 'an Shaanxi 710065，China Oil Production Plant 6，PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company，Xi 'an Shaanxi 710000，China Oil Production Plant 9，PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company，Xi 'an Shaanxi 710000，China School of Petroleum Engineering，Xi 'an Shiyou University，Xi 'an Shaanxi 710065，China

甜菜碱表面活性剂因具有独特的两亲性结构、较高的表面活性、较低的临界胶束浓度以及良好的乳化性能等特点，被作为油田三次采油驱油剂而得到广泛的应用，且其提高采收率效果较好。为探究烷基链碳数（n）对甜菜碱表面活性剂化学驱性能的影响，选取烷基链碳数分别为12、14、16、18、20的5种甜菜碱溶液，对其进行了界面张力与乳化性能的测试；利用MS软件、分子动力学模拟结果，分析了其径向分布、密度分布、均方位移、结合能等参数，并进行了室内模拟驱油实验。结果表明，随着烷基链碳数的增加，表面活性剂的驱油性能先增强后减弱，甜菜碱中C16HBC表面活性剂的化学驱性能最佳；通过分子模拟研究确定了不同烷基链碳数甜菜碱溶液对其能量、径向分布、密度分布、均方位移、结合能等参数的影响；C16HBC表面活性剂能较大幅度地提高原油采收率，采收率提高幅度达20.7%。

Betaine surfactants have been widely used as oil displacement agents for tertiary oil recovery due to their unique amphiphilic structure,high surface activity,low critical micelle concentration and good emulsification performance.To investigate the effect of alkyl carbon chain number on the chemical flooding performance of betaine surfactants,5 kinds of betaine solutions with alkyl carbon chain number (n) of 12,14,16,18 and 20 were selected,and their interfacial tension and emulsification properties were tested.The parameters of radial distribution,density distribution,mean azimuth shift,rotation radius and binding energy were analyzed by using MS software，and conducted indoor simulated oil displacement experiments.The results show that with the increase of the number of carbon atoms of long alkyl chain,the oil displacement performance of surfactants was first enhanced and then weakened,and the chemical displacement performance of C16HBC surfactants in betaine was the best.The effects of betaine solution with different alkyl carbon chain number on its energy,radial distribution,density distribution, mean orientation shift, binding energy and other parameters were determined by molecular simulation studies.Simulation oil displacement experiments verified that C16HBC surfactant could significantly improve oil recovery by 20.7%.

国家自然科学基金项目(21763030)

10.12422/j.issn.1006-396X.2025.01.002