柔性阴离子交换膜的研究进展

Research Progress of Flexible Anion Exchange Membranes

吴丹 王吉林 车全通

Dan WU Jilin WANG Quantong CHE

东北大学 理学院，辽宁 沈阳 110819 辽宁石油化工大学 石油化工学院，辽宁 抚顺 113001

College of Sciences，Northeastern University，Shenyang Liaoning 110819，China School of Petrochemical Engineering，Liaoning Petrochemical University，Fushun Liaoning 113001，China

随着人类社会对清洁能源需求的持续增加，燃料电池因具有高效、安全以及应用场景广泛等优点，受到研究者们的广泛关注。其中，阴离子交换膜燃料电池因具有环境友好、可使用非贵金属催化剂以及高安全稳定性等特点展现出广阔的应用前景。作为阴离子交换膜燃料电池的核心元件，阴离子交换膜起到隔离阳极与阴极直接接触以及传导氢氧根离子等作用，对阴离子交换膜燃料电池的性能起到至关重要的作用。在阴离子交换膜发展过程中，氢氧根离子离子电导率低与离子电导率稳定性差等问题成为制约其发展的关键技术难题。此外，发展柔性阴离子交换膜对促进阴离子交换膜燃料电池的进一步商业化具有积极的作用。基于此，从聚合物分子链设计、结构优化设计、新材料合成与复合三个方面综述了近年来国内外关于柔性阴离子交换膜的研究进展。

Fuel cells have attracted widespread attention owing to the merits of high efficiency, high safety and wide application, etc. Therefore, fuel cells can meet the increasing requirement for clean energy in human society. Among them, anion exchange membrane fuel cells have shown broad application prospects due to the environmental friendliness, the use of non?precious metal catalysts, high safety and stability, etc. As the core component of anion exchange membrane fuel cells, anion exchange membranes can isolate the anode from the cathode and conduct hydroxide ions. Thus, the property of anion exchange membranes plays a crucial role in the performance of anion exchange membrane fuel cells. In the development process of anion exchange membranes, the low conductivity and poor hydroxide ions conductivity stability have become the key technical challenge. The development of flexible anion exchange membranes can play a positive role in promoting the further commercialization of anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Based on this, this article reviews the recent research progress on flexible anion exchange membranes from three aspects: polymer molecular chain design, structural optimization design, and new material synthesis and the composites.

国家自然科学基金项目(21703029);辽宁省科技厅应用基础研究项目(2023JH2/101300217)

10.12422/j.issn.1672-6952.2025.02.004