基于β-环糊精修饰的抗高温降滤失剂

·High Temperature Resistance Fluid Loss Reducer Modified by β-Cyclodextrin

马 超 刘怡麟 唐嘉婧 周 旭 刘 超

MA Chao LIU Yilin TANG Jiajing ZHOU Xu LIU Chao

深井及超深井油气勘探开发对钻井液降滤失剂的抗温性能提出了更高的要求。利用β-环糊精具有的锥状环台形特殊刚性稳定结构和内疏水外亲水的特殊吸附能力，通过马来酸酐（MAH）接枝β-环糊精（β-CD），同时引入高温稳定性优良的3-（三甲氧基甲硅基）甲基丙烯酸丙酯（KH570），并与对苯乙烯磺酸钠（SSS）、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDAAC）在水溶液中共聚，合成了耐高温降滤失剂（LY-1）。通过测定含3% LY-1钠基膨润土基浆的高温高压滤失量，优选LY-1的最佳合成条件；采用凝胶色谱仪、红外光谱仪、热重分析仪对LY-1的结构进行了表征；评价了LY-1 对基浆滤失量和流变性的影响，并和常用的 3 种抗高温降滤失剂进行了性能对比。结果表明， LY-1 的最优合成条件为：单体总质量分数为 25%，引发剂质量分数为单体质量的 1%，单体 SSS、KH570、 DMDAAC、MAH-β-CD的质量比为15∶3∶2∶15，pH值为10，反应温度为75 ℃，反应时间为4 h。LY-1的数均相对分子质量为14 589，在284～453 ℃的总热失质量约为35.98%，在300 ℃内具有较好的耐温特性。LY-1在高温下的降滤失性能良好，在基浆中加入3% LY-1，200 ℃下热滚 16 h后的基浆滤失量由 143 mL降至 12 mL，降低率为91.6%。LY-1对基浆流变性能的影响较小，降滤失性能和抗温性能均优于常用的3种抗高温降滤失剂。

Oil and gas exploration and development in deep and ultra-deep well have put forward higher requirements on the temperature resistance of fluid loss reducer for drilling fluid. Taking advantage of β-cyclodextrin’s special rigid stabilizing structure in the shape of a conical ring table and special adsorption ability of inner hydrophobicity and outer hydrophilicity，β-cyclodextrin （β-CD） was grafted by maleic anhydride （MAH）. Meanwhile，3-（trimethoxymethylsilyl） propyl methacrylate （KH570） with excellent high-temperature stability was introduced，and then copolymerized in an aqueous solution with p-styrenesulfonic acid sodium salt（SSS）and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride（DMDAAC）. As a result，a high-temperature resistance fluid loss reducer（LY-1）was synthesized. The optimum preparation conditions of LY-1 were determined by measuring the high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss of sodium bentonite based slurry containing 3% LY-1. The structure of LY-1 was characterized by gel chromatography，infrared spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis. The effects of LY-1 on the filtration loss and rheological properties of base slurry were evaluated. The performance of LY-1 was compared with that of three commonly used high temperature resistance fluid loss reducers. The results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions of LY-1 were obtained as follows：25% total mass fraction of the monomer，1% initiator mass fraction of the monomer mass，15∶3∶2∶15 mass ratio of the monomers（SSS，KH570，DMDAAC and MAH-β-CD），10 pH value，75 ℃ reaction temperature，and 4 h reaction time. The average relative molecular mass of LY-1 was 14 589. The total heat loss mass was about 35.98% at 284—453 ℃，which meant it had good temperature resistance at 300 ℃. LY-1 had a good performance of lowering the filtration loss at high temperatures. When 3% LY-1 was added to the base slurry，the filtration loss of base fluid was reduced from 143 mL to 12 mL after hot rolling at 200 ℃for 16 h，with a reduction rate of 91.6%. The effect of LY-1 on the rheological properties of base slurry was small. It’s filtration reduction performance and temperature resistance were better than those of three commonly used high temperature resistance fluid loss reducers.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2025.01.001