高碳蜡原油乳液型防蜡剂的制备及其性能

Preparation and Properties of High Carbon Wax Crude Oil Emulsion Wax Inhibitor

任永苍 黄 钰 徐海霞 但 波 严东寅 于海洋 马金龙 张喻鹏 韩国强 郑存川

REN Yongcang HUANG Yu XU Haixia DAN BO YAN Dongyin YU Haiyang MA Jinlong ZHANG Yupeng HAN Guoqiang ZHENG Cunchuan

针对塔里木油田英买原油中石蜡碳数高，常规油溶性防蜡剂作用效果不佳且低温黏度大而难加注的问题，文章以丙烯酸二十二酯、马来酸酐和苯乙烯为原料，通过自由基溶液聚合制备了一种可适用于预防高碳蜡原油蜡沉积的超长碳链三元聚合物DMS，并着重探讨了以DMS为分散相、去离子水为连续相的乳液型防蜡剂HDMS的制备条件及其防蜡性能。研究结果表明，当复配乳化剂T-80、S-80质量比为7：3、加量为10%时，所制得的HD-MS在10 ℃下的流动性良好，黏度为24.65 mPa·s；HDMS在常温下静置28 d后具有良好的分散稳定性，在1～28 d内的粒径均在2200 nm左右、脱水量仅为0.6 mL。当作用温度为60 ℃、作用时间为80 min、HDMS加量为2000mg/L时，HDMS对高碳蜡原油的防蜡率最高达84%以上且具备一定的防蜡普适性。

In view of the high carbon number of paraffin wax in Yingmai crude oil of Tarim Oilfield，the poor effect of conventional oil-soluble paraffin inhibitor and the difficulty of filling due to the high viscosity at low temperature，an ultra-long carbon chain ternary polymer DMS was prepared by free radical solution polymerization using docosyl acrylate，maleic anhydride and styrene as raw materials，which was suitable for preventing wax deposition in high carbon wax crude oil. The preparation conditions and anti-wax properties of emulsion anti-wax agent HDMS with DMS as dispersed phase and deionized water as continuous phase were emphatically discussed. The results showed that when the mass ratio of T-80 to S-80 was 7∶3 and the composite emulsifier dosage was 10%，the prepared HDMS had good fluidity at 10 ℃ and the viscosity was 24.65 mPa·s. HDMS had good dispersion stability after standing at room temperature for 28 d. The particle size of HDMS was about 2200 nm and the amount of dehydration was only 0.6 mL（the bulk volume was 80 mL）within 1—28 d. When the action temperature was 60 ℃，the action time was 80 min，and the HDMS dosage was 2000 mg/L，the wax prevention rate of HDMS for high-carbon waxy crude oil was up to 84% and had certain wax prevention universality.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2025.01.019