采气速度对不同储集空间类型碳酸盐岩气藏水侵动态的影响——以四川盆地震旦系灯影组为例

Impact of gas production rate on water invasion dynamics in carbonate gas reservoirs with varying storage spaceson： A case study of the Sinian Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin

熊钰 牛全锋 孙泽威 江俊 张春

Yu XIONG Quanfeng NIU Zewei SUN Jun JIANG Chun ZHANG

为了深入分析不同储集空间类型碳酸盐岩气藏的采气和水侵动态，实现气藏的高效开发，采集四川盆地震旦系灯影组气藏中的孔洞型、裂缝型和缝洞型3种类型碳酸盐岩样品，以水侵物理模拟实验为主要研究手段，横向对比分析其水侵动态，提出了水侵动态预测新方法（）。研究结果表明：新方法对不同三维储集空间结构的岩样水侵预测效果非常理想。不仅适用于非均质底水气藏的水侵动态预测，还能分析碳酸盐岩气藏的水侵动态过程和水侵机理，无论是对均质性较强的孔洞型岩心，还是对非均质性极强的缝洞型岩心，其对视相对压力和拟合水侵量的预测效果都非常好。对于不同非均质程度的碳酸盐岩气藏，在相同的实验条件下，值和值的变化特征不同。碳酸盐岩气藏岩心孔隙发育程度和连通关系与水驱动用储量呈正相关关系，非均质性越强，气藏开采后期的地层能量削弱越明显，实际视相对压力降幅越大。水体能量对孔洞型岩心实验结果影响最小，对裂缝型和缝洞型岩心的实验结果影响较大。

This study explores the relationship between gas recovery and water invasion dynamics in carbonate gas reservoirs with varying storage spaces to achieve their efficient exploitation. Using physical simulation experiments on vuggy， fractured， and fractured-vuggy carbonate rock samples taken from gas reservoirs in the Sinian Dengying Formation， Sichuan Basin， we comparatively analyze the water invasion dynamics of these reservoirs， and propose a novel equation for predicting water invasion dynamics： . The results indicate that the proposed method is highly effective in predicting water invasion in rock samples with different 3D storage space structures， and applicable for both heterogeneous gas reservoirs with bottom water and carbonate gas reservoirs. Furthermore， it provides encouraging prediction results of apparent relative pressure and fitted water invasion volume for both vuggy cores with strong homogeneity and fractured-vuggy cores with extreme heterogeneity. Under identical experimental conditions， carbonate gas reservoirs with varying degrees of heterogeneity exhibit distinct variation in coefficient （related to gas production rate） and constant （associated with water invasion intensity） values. For the cores of carbonate gas reservoirs， the extent and connectivity of pores are positively correlated with the producing reserves through water drive. Higer reservoir heterogeneity is associated with a more significant reduction in formation energy and a steeper decline in actual apparent relative pressure during the late stage of reservoir exploitation. Notably， among the tested cores， water body energy produces the least impact on the experimental results of the vuggy cores compared to the fractured and fractured-vuggy cores.

10.11743/ogg20250221